Urashaka kumenya byinshi ku bipimo n'ingano by'imirongo y'icyuma?
Ikirundo cy'icyuma gishyushye cya U/Z Type II III IIIA IV VL
Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gicuruzwa
| Ikiranga | Ibisobanuro |
| Igisanzwe | ASTM A328 / EN 10248 / JIS A5528 / GB/T 29737 |
| Icyiciro | ASTM A572 Gr.50 / Q235B / Q345B / SY295 / SY390 / S235JR / S275JR |
| Ubwoko | Ubwoko bwa U / Ubwoko bwa Z / Ibirundo by'impapuro bya Larssen |
| Inganda | Ikirundo cy'icyuma gishyushye / gikonje |
| Uburebure | 6m – 18m (Uburebure bwihariye burahari) |
| Ubugari | 200mm – 900mm (Bitewe n'imiterere) |
| Ubunini | 4mm – 12mm |
| Ubuso | Irangizwa ry'urusyo / Itwikiriwe / Ishyushye cyane |
| Ibirindiro Biteguye | Toni 80000+ zirahari |
| Yoherejwe muri | Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba / Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati / Amerika / Uburayi |
| Gutanga | Igiciro cy'uruganda, iminsi 7–15 |
Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire by'icyuma
| Igisanzwe | Icyiciro | C (%) | Mn (%) | P (%) | S (%) | Si (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB/T 29737 | Q235B | ≤0.22 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.35 |
| GB/T 29737 | Q345B | ≤0.20 | 1.00–1.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.50 |
| ASTM | A36 | ≤0.25 | 0.80–1.20 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.05 | 0.15–0.40 |
| ASTM | A572 Gr.50 | ≤0.23 | 0.67–1.65 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.50 |
| ASTM | A992 | ≤0.23 | 0.50–1.70 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.50 |
| EN 10248 | S235JR | ≤0.17 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.35 |
| EN 10248 | S275JR | ≤0.22 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.55 |
| EN 10248 | S355JR | ≤0.22 | ≤1.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.55 |
| JIS | SY295 | ≤0.22 | 0.50–1.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | 0.20–0.35 |
| JIS | SY390 | ≤0.22 | 0.80–1.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | 0.20–0.50 |
| JIS | SY490 | ≤0.23 | 0.90–1.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | 0.20–0.55 |
Imiterere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma bicukura amabati
| Igisanzwe | Icyiciro | Imbaraga z'umusaruro (MPa) | Imbaraga zo Gukurura (MPa) | Uburebure (%) | Ubukomere (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB/T 29737 | Q235B | 235 | 370–500 | ≥26 | 120–160 |
| GB/T 29737 | Q345B | 345 | 470–630 | ≥20 | 140–180 |
| ASTM | A36 | 250 | 400–550 | 20 | 119–159 |
| ASTM | A572 Gr.50 | 345 | 450–620 | 18–21 | 140–180 |
| ASTM | A992 | 345 | 450–620 | 18–22 | 140–180 |
| EN 10248 | S235JR | 235 | 360–510 | ≥26 | 120–160 |
| EN 10248 | S275JR | 275 | 430–580 | ≥23 | 130–170 |
| EN 10248 | S355JR | 355 | 470–630 | ≥20 | 140–180 |
| JIS | SY295 | 295 | 430–570 | ≥22 | 130–170 |
| JIS | SY390 | 390 | 520–650 | ≥20 | 140–180 |
| JIS | SY490 | 490 | 560–690 | ≥18 | 150–190 |
Inyandiko:
Imbaraga z'umusaruro ReH = Imbaraga z'umusaruro
Imbaraga zo Gukurura Rm = Imbaraga zo Gukurura
Uburebure A = Uburebure (ijanisha ry'uburebure nyuma yo kuvunika)
Ubukomere = Ubukomere bwa Brinell, HB ihagarariye ubukomere bwa Brinell.
Ingano y'urukingo rw'icyuma
| Igice | Ingano | Agace k'Ibice | Misa | Agahe gato | Modulus | |||
| Ubugari | Uburebure | Ubunini | Ikirundo | Urukuta | ubunebwe | by'igice | ||
| w | h | t | ||||||
| mm | Mm | mm | cm2/umugozi | kg/m | kg/m2 | cm4/m | cm3/m | |
| ⅠA | 400 | 85 | 8 | 45.21 | 35.5 | 88.8 | 4500 | 529 |
| Ⅱ | 400 | 100 | 10.5 | 61.2 | 48 | 120 | 8740 | 874 |
| Ⅲ | 400 | 125 | 13 | 76.4 | 60 | 150 | 16800 | 1340 |
| ⅢA | 400 | 150 | 13.1 | 74.4 | 58.4 | 146 | 22800 | 1520 |
| Ⅳ | 400 | 170 | 15.5 | 97 | 76.1 | 190 | 38600 | 2270 |
| ⅤL | 500 | 200 | 24.3 | 133.8 | 105 | 210 | 63000 | 3150 |
| ⅥL | 500 | 225 | 27.6 | 153 | 120 | 240 | 86000 | 3820 |
| ⅡW | 600 | 130 | 10.3 | 78.7 | 61.8 | 103 | 13000 | 1000 |
| ⅢW | 600 | 180 | 13.4 | 104 | 81.6 | 136 | 32400 | 1800 |
| ⅣW | 600 | 210 | 18 | 135.3 | 106 | 177 | 56700 | 2700 |
Ifunga ry'urukuta rw'icyuma n'imikorere idapfa amazi
Igishushanyo: Ikirundo cy'icyuma gihuza, ubushobozi bwo kwinjira ≤1×10⁻⁷ cm/s
Amerika: Yujuje ibipimo bya ASTM D5887 kugira ngo agakoresho ko mu mazi gagabanuke munsi y'ingoma
Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba: Amazi yo hasi ashobora kunyura mu bihe by'imvura yo mu turere dushyuha
Uburyo bwo gukora icyuma gikozwe mu mugozi
| Intambwe | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| 1. Gukora ibyuma | Gushongesha ibikoresho fatizo mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi (EAF) cyangwa ifuru y'umwuka wa ogisijeni (BOF) kugira ngo hakorwe uduce tw'icyuma. |
| 2. Gutera icyuma | Gushyira ibipande by'icyuma mu dupande, indabyo, cyangwa ibipande bitewe n'ubwoko bw'igicuruzwa. |
| 3. Gushyushya / Gukora Ubukonje | Ishyushye cyane:Gushyushya ibyuma no kubizungurutsa mu miraba ya H, mu mpapuro z'amabati, cyangwa mu masahani. Ikozwe mu buryo bukonje:Gupfunyika cyangwa gukanda impapuro z'icyuma mu bwoko bwa U, ubwoko bwa Z, cyangwa Larssen ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. |
| 4. Gukata no Gushushanya | Gukata icyuma ku burebure busabwa (6–18m) no gushushanya neza imiterere y'icyuma hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho (ASTM / EN / JIS / GB). |
| 5. Gutunganya ubuso | Irangi ry'inganda, risize irangi/ripfutse, cyangwa rishyushye kugira ngo hirindwe ingese kandi rikomeze igihe kirekire. |
| 6. Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge n'Igenzura | Gupima ikoranabuhanga n'imiti, kugenzura ingano, no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ubuso kugira ngo huzuzwe ibipimo bireba. |
| 7. Gupakira no Kohereza | Guteranya ibintu, kubitunganya mu buryo budashobora kwangirika nibiba ngombwa, kandi byiteguye koherezwa mu buryo butaziguye mu ruganda (iminsi 7-15 yo kubigeza). |
Ubuso bw'Ikirundo cy'Ibyuma
Amerika:HDG nka ASTM A123 (agapira ka zinc kari munsi ya ≥ 85 µm); irangi rya 3PE ni amahitamo; irangi ryose rikurikiza RoHS.
Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'UburasirazubaUbunini bwa galvanized ishyushye ni hollyh (irenga 100μm), kandi hashyirwamo ibice bibiri bya epoxy coal tar, ishobora gusukwaho umunyu ikageragezwa amasaha 5000 nta ngese, niyo nziza cyane mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja.
UBUSABIZI
Ubwubatsi bw'Amato n'Imbere y'Inyanja– Ku nkuta z’aho hantu, ku nkuta no ku cyambu, inyubako zo mu mazi nziza kandi ziramba ni ngombwa.
Gutuza amabanki no kurwanya imyuzure– Irinda inkombe z'imigezi n'ibihome byayo ku isuri n'imyuzure.
Inkuta zo gucukura no kubungabunga inkuta– Ibungabunga amazu yo munsi y’ubutaka n’ahantu hacukuwe neza, harimo n’amashyamba y’inzitane n’amashyamba y’inzitane.
Imishinga y'Inganda n'Ibikorwaremezo- Ifite ishingiro rihamye ry’ibiraro, imihanda minini, inganda z’amashanyarazi, n’inganda zikora.
Ubwubatsi bw'agateganyo / buhoraho– Ibirundo bikonje byo gukora imirimo y'igihe gito; ibirundo bishyushye byo gukora ishingiro rihoraho ry'amazi maremare cyangwa imizigo iremereye.
Kuki wahitamo icyuma cy'ubushinwa cy'ubwami ku byuma bicukurwamo amabati
1. Ubwoko bugari bw'ibice
Urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiterere itandukanye y'imiterere y'ijometri, rwemerera guhitamo igisubizo cyiza cyane mu buryo bwa tekiniki n'ubukungu kuri buri mushinga. Imiterere isanzwe y'impapuro zishyushye zo mu bwoko bwa U irarengaToni 80.000.
2. Imikorere myiza cyane mu miterere
Uruvange rw'imiterere y'umuraba wimbitse n'ibice binini bitanga imbaraga zidasanzwe n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo buhanitse.
3. Igishushanyo mbonera gishobora kongera gukoreshwa
Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibice bingana cyorohereza gucukura no kongera gukoresha, bigabanya ikiguzi cy’umushinga muri rusange kandi bikongera uburyo burambye.
4. Ibisubizo byakusanyijwe n'inganda
Imigozi ishobora guteranywa mbere y’uko ishyirwa mu nganda, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza, kunoza imiterere y’inganda, kandi igakora neza kurushaho aho ikorera.
GUPIKA NO KOHEREZA
Ibipfunyika bisanzwe byo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga:Ibirundo by'amabati y'icyumazifatanye neza n'imishumi y'icyuma kandi zihambiriwe kugira ngo zikomeze kandi zikumire guhindagurika kw'ibintu mu nzira.
Uburinzi bwo kurwanya ingese:Amavuta adapfa kwangirika, ibipfunyika bya pulasitiki cyangwa ibipfunyika bidapfa kwangirika bishobora gutangwa mu ngendo ndende no mu bwato.
Serivisi zihariye zo gupakira:Ibipfunyika bishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo umushinga ukeneye, nko gushyira ikimenyetso cyihariye, gushyiramo ibimenyetso cyangwa ubundi buryo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kubirinda.
Uburyo bwo gushyiramo neza:Inama z'abahanga mu gupakira ibikoresho kugira ngo wongere umwanya wo gushyiramo ibikoresho (ubwato bunini bwa 20GP / 40GP / Bulk vessel) bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gutwara imizigo.
Gutanga byihuse:Hari ububiko buteganijwe bwo gutangwa mu minsi 7-15 kugira ngo bushyigikire umushinga wihutirwa.
Uburambe ku Isi mu Kohereza Ibicuruzwa:Ubunararibonye bwinshi bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, Amerika, Uburayi, butuma ugira amahoro yo mu mutima ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho n'inyandiko.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Q1: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'amabati yo mu bwoko bwa II, III, IIIA na IV?
A: Itandukaniro rikomeye riri mu bunini n'uburyo bwo gupima ibice. Ubwoko bwinshi (III, IV, VL) butanga ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutwara imizigo kandi bukwiriye imishinga iremereye.
Q2: Ni iyihe nyungu y'ibice by'amabati bishyushye?
A: Ibirundo by'impapuro zishyushye bitanga kuramba neza, ubushobozi bwo gufunga burushijeho gukomera, kandi ni byiza gukoreshwa igihe kirekire no mu mazi.
Q3: Ese ushobora gutanga ingano zihariye?
A: Yego, dushyigikira uburebure, ubunini, n'ipamba ryihariye hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu mushinga.
Q4: Isaha yawe yo gutanga ni iyihe?
A: Ingano zisanzwe ziboneka mu minsi 7-15, bitewe n'ububiko n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa.
Q5: Ni iyihe ngamba utanga?
A: Dutanga impapuro zemewe na ASTM, EN, na JIS hamwe na raporo zuzuye z’igenzura.












