Gari ya moshi ya GB Isanzwe Ifite Ingufu Zikomeye Ifite Ingufu Zikomeye kandi Ziramba Ikwiriye Kubakwa N'ibindi
Mu buryo bumwe,ibicuruzwa bya gari ya moshi ku bucuruzi bwinshiIterambere ni naryo mateka y’iterambere rya gari ya moshi. Hatabayeho iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya gari ya moshi, ikoranabuhanga rya gari ya moshi rikora cyane kandi ryihuta biragoye guteza imbere. Ubwiza bwa gari ya moshi bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano n’imikorere myiza y’ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi.
Mbere y’impinduramatwara y’inganda mu Burayi, inzira zari zikozwe mu mbaho ndende zifite ubugari bwa santimetero nyinshi. Munsi y’inzira y’imbaho, igice cy’imbaho cyashyirwaga mu buryo butambitse buri metero ebyiri cyangwa eshatu nk’inzira zo kuraramo. Inzira zo kuraramo zakoreshwaga cyane cyane mu gukomereza inzira y’imbaho kugira ngo igumane ubugari bwagenwe. Amapine yari hejuru yayo na yo yari akozwe mu mbaho. Icyo gihe, icyuma nticyashoboraga gukorwa ku rugero runini, kandi icyuma nacyo cyari ibikoresho bihenze cyane. Inzira y’imbaho yari yoroshye kwangirika no kwangirika. Nyuma, abantu bashyizeho impapuro ndende z’icyuma hejuru yayo bakayishyiraho imisumari. Ku nzira y’imbaho, ibi ntibyongera igihe cy’imikorere y’inzira gusa, ahubwo binagabanya imbaraga zo guhangana n’imitsi, ari na yo nzira y’imbere cyane.
UKO IBICURUZWA BIGENDA
Ikoranabuhanga n'Inzira yo Kubaka
Inzira yo kubakaInzira za gari ya moshiImihanda ikubiyemo ubuhanga buhanitse no gusuzuma neza ibintu bitandukanye. Itangirana no gushushanya imiterere y'umuhanda, hashingiwe ku ikoreshwa ryawo, umuvuduko wa gari ya moshi, n'ubutaka. Iyo igishushanyo mbonera kirangiye, inzira yo kubaka itangirana n'intambwe z'ingenzi zikurikira:
1. Gucukura no gushingira: Itsinda ry’abubatsi ritegura ubutaka ricukura agace no gushyiraho urufatiro rukomeye kugira ngo rishyigikire uburemere n’umuvuduko uterwa na gari ya moshi.
2. Gushyiraho icyuma gikingira: Hashyizweho urwego rw'amabuye yasheshwe, ruzwi nka icyuma gikingira, ku buso bwateguwe. Ibi bifasha mu gufata icyuma gikingira, bigatanga ituze, kandi bigafasha gukwirakwiza umutwaro ku buryo bungana.
3. Imigozi n'imizingo: Imigozi y'ibiti cyangwa beto ishyirwa hejuru y'umugozi, bigana imiterere isa n'umugozi. Iyi migozi itanga urufatiro rukomeye rw'inzira za gari ya moshi z'icyuma. Ihambirwa hakoreshejwe ibyuma cyangwa udupira twihariye, bituma iguma mu mwanya wayo neza.
4. Gushyiraho gari ya moshi: Inzira z'icyuma za gari ya moshi zigera kuri metero 10, zikunze kwitwa inzira zisanzwe, zishyirwa hejuru y'imigozi. Kubera ko zikozwe mu byuma byiza cyane, izi nzira zifite imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bidasanzwe.
Ubwoko n'imbaraga byaIbyuma bya Gari ya moshiBigaragazwa n'uburemere bwa hafi (kilo) kuri metero imwe y'uburebure. Urugero, ubwoko bwa gari ya moshi busanzweho ubu mu Bushinwa ni 43kg/m, 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m, nibindi. Uburebure busanzwe bwa gari ya moshi mu Bushinwa: 43kg/m ni 12.5m cyangwa 25m; uburebure bwa gari ya moshi buri hejuru ya 50kg/m ni 25m, 50m, na 100m. Jya mu ruganda rukora ubudozi bwa gari ya moshi kugira ngo uyisudishe mu nzira y'uburebure bwa metero 500, hanyuma uyijyane aho wubakwa hanyuma uyisudishe mu burebure busabwa.
INGANO Y'IGICURUZWA
| Izina ry'igicuruzwa: | Gari ya moshi isanzwe ya GB y'icyuma | |||
| Ubwoko: | Gari ya moshi nini, Gari ya moshi ya Crane, Gari ya moshi yoroheje | |||
| Ibikoresho/Ibisobanuro: | ||||
| Gari ya moshi yoroheje: | Icyitegererezo/Ibikoresho: | Q235, 55Q ； | Ibisobanuro: | 30kg/m³, 24kg/m³, 22kg/m³, 18kg/m³, 15kg/m³, 12 kg/m³, 8 kg/m³. |
| Gari ya moshi iremereye: | Icyitegererezo/Ibikoresho: | 45MN, 71MN； | Ibisobanuro: | 50kg/m², 43kg/m², 38kg/m², 33kg/m². |
| Gari ya moshi ya Crane: | Icyitegererezo/Ibikoresho: | U71MN ； | Ibisobanuro: | QU70 kg /m ，QU80 kg /m ，QU100kg /m ，QU120 kg /m. |
Gari ya moshi isanzwe y'igihugu:
Ibisobanuro: GB6kg, 8kg, GB9kg, GB12, GB15kg, 18kg, GB22kg, 24kg, GB30, P38kg, P43kg, P50kg, P60kg, QU70, QU80, QU100, QU120
Igisanzwe: GB11264-89 GB2585-2007 YB/T5055-93
Ibikoresho: U71Mn/50Mn
Uburebure: 6m-12m 12.5m-25m
| Ibicuruzwa | Icyiciro | Ingano y'Igice (mm) | ||||
| Uburebure bwa gari ya moshi | Ubugari bw'ibanze | Ubugari bw'umutwe | Ubunini | Uburemere (kgs) | ||
| Gari ya moshi yoroheje | 8KG/M | 65.00 | 54.00 | 25.00 | 7.00 | 8.42 |
| 12KG/M | 69.85 | 69.85 | 38.10 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15KG/M | 79.37 | 79.37 | 42.86 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18KG/M | 90.00 | 80.00 | 40.00 | 10.00 | 18.06 | |
| 22KG/M | 93.66 | 93.66 | 50.80 | 10.72 | 22.3 | |
| 24KG/M | 107.95 | 92.00 | 51.00 | 10.90 | 24.46 | |
| 30KG/M | 107.95 | 107.95 | 60.33 | 12.30 | 30.10 | |
| Gari ya moshi nini | 38KG/M | 134.00 | 114.00 | 68.00 | 13.00 | 38.733 |
| 43KG/M | 140.00 | 114.00 | 70.00 | 14.50 | 44.653 | |
| 50KG/M | 152.00 | 132.00 | 70.00 | 15.50 | 51.514 | |
| 60KG/M | 176.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| 75KG/M | 192.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| UIC54 | 159.00 | 140.00 | 70.00 | 16.00 | 54.43 | |
| UIC60 | 172.00 | 150.00 | 74.30 | 16.50 | 60.21 | |
| Gari yo guterura | QU70 | 120.00 | 120.00 | 70.00 | 28.00 | 52.80 |
| QU80 | 130.00 | 130.00 | 80.00 | 32.00 | 63.69 | |
| QU100 | 150.00 | 150.00 | 100.00 | 38.00 | 88.96 | |
| QU120 | 170.00 | 170.00 | 120.00 | 44.00 | 118.1 | |
INYUNGU
Mu gihe uhisemoInzira ya gari ya moshi y'icyuma,ugomba gusuzuma ibintu bikurikira:
1. Ibikoresho: Ibikoresho by'ibikoresho bya gari ya moshi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere yabyo n'igihe bimara. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa ni icyuma cya karuboni n'icyuma gito cya aloyi.
2. Ingano: Ingano y'inzira y'umuhanda ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu guhitamo inzira y'umuhanda. Inzira n'ibinyabiziga bitandukanye bisaba ingano zitandukanye z'inzira y'umuhanda.
3. Ubwiza: Ubwiza bwa gari ya moshi bugira ingaruka ku mutekano w'imikorere n'igihe cy'ubuzima bw'inzira ya gari ya moshi. Mu guhitamo gari ya moshi, ugomba guhitamo ibicuruzwa byiza bihuye n'ibyo ukeneye.
4. Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibyuma: Mu guhitamo inzira zo guterura, ugomba gusuzuma niba ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibyuma buhuye n'ibyo ukeneye. Ubusanzwe, ibintu nk'uburemere bw'ikinyabiziga, umuvuduko n'imiterere y'umurongo w'umuhanda bigomba kwitabwaho.
Inzira za gari ya moshi zisanzwe z’igihugu zifite ibyiza bikurikira:
1. Ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubukana bwinshi kandi idashobora kwangirika neza, ishobora guhaza ibyifuzo byo gukora cyane igihe kirekire.
2. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira umunaniro mwinshi kandi ishobora kwihanganira imitwaro myinshi idakunze kunanirwa.
3. Ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika, bushobora kurwanya kwangirika guturuka ku bintu bitandukanye bya shimi no kongera igihe cyo gukora.
4. Umutekano mwinshi, ushobora gutuma inzira ya gari ya moshi ikora neza kandi ukagabanya ibyago byo guhura n'impanuka.
5. Imara igihe kirekire kandi ishobora guhaza ikoreshwa ry'igihe kirekire ry'ingendo za gari ya moshi.
UMUSHINGA
Isosiyete yacu'Toni 13.800 z'ibyuma byoherejwe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byoherejwe icyarimwe ku cyambu cya Tianjin. Umushinga w'ubwubatsi warangiye, gari ya moshi ya nyuma ishyirwa ku murongo wa gari ya moshi. Izi gari ya moshi zose zikomoka ku murongo w'ibikorwa rusange by'uruganda rwacu rwa gari ya moshi n'ibyuma, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa tekiniki bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi buhamye.
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bicuruzwa bya gari ya moshi, twandikire!
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UBUSABIZI
Gari ya moshiImiterere y'igice cy'umutwe na yo ni imwe mu nzira zo kunoza ubukana no kudashira kw'inyuma.
Mu gice cy'umutwe w'umuhanda wa mbere w'umuhanda, ubuso bw'umuhanda buba bworoshye, kandi imirongo ifite imirongo mito ikoreshwa ku mpande zombi. Kugeza mu myaka ya 1950 na 1960, byagaragaye ko uko umutwe w'umuhanda wakozwe mbere wari umeze kose, nyuma yo kwangirika kw'amapine ya gari ya moshi, imiterere y'umuhanda hejuru y'umuhanda yari hafi ya yose izengurutse, kandi umurambararo w'umuhanda ku mpande zombi wari munini. Igerageza ryagaragaje ko gushwanyagurika k'umutwe w'umuhanda bifitanye isano n'imbaraga nyinshi z'umugozi ku gice cy'imbere cy'umutwe w'umuhanda. Kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika kw'imirongo, ibihugu byose byahinduye imiterere y'umutwe w'umuhanda kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika kwa pulasitiki.
Ubwa mbere, ibihugu byakurikije ihame nk'iryo mu gushushanya umurongo w'imbere wa rail: umurongo w'imbere wa rail uhuye n'ingano y'umurongo w'imbere uko bishoboka kose, ni ukuvuga ingano y'umurongo w'imbere, nka rail ya 59.9kg/m muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, umurongo w'imbere wa rail wemejwe R254-R31.75-R9.52; umurongo w'imbere wa 65kg/m wo mu cyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, umurongo w'imbere wa rail wemejwe R300-R80-R15; umurongo w'imbere wa UIC wa 60kg/m, umurongo w'imbere wa rail wemejwe R300-R80-R13. Bigaragara ko ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gishushanyo cy'umutwe w'imbere wa none ni ugukoresha imiyoboro ikomeye na radii eshatu. Ku ruhande rw'umutwe w'imbere, umurongo ugororotse ufite hejuru nto n'ubugari bw'ubugari urafatwa, kandi uburebure bw'umurongo ugororotse muri rusange ni 1:20~1:40. Umurongo ugororotse ufite agace kanini ukunze gukoreshwa ku ruhu rwo hasi rw'umutwe w'inzira, kandi ubusanzwe agace kari hagati ya 1:3 na 1:4.
Icya kabiri, mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuhanda n’urukenyerero, kugira ngo bigabanye icyuho giterwa no guhangayika no kongera imbaraga hagati y’icyuma gifata icyuma n’urukenyerero, hakoreshwa kandi imiterere igoye mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuhanda n’urukenyerero, kandi igishushanyo mbonera kinini cy’urukenyerero gikoreshwa mu rukenyerero. Urugero, icyuma cya UIC cya 60kg/m gikoresha R7-R35-R120 mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuhanda n’urukenyerero. Ikigo cy’Ubuyapani cya 60kg/m gikoresha R19-R19-R500 mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuhanda n’urukenyerero.
GUPIKA NO KOHEREZA
Mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’urukenyerero rw’umuhanda n’igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi, kugira ngo igice kigende neza, hakoreshwa igishushanyo mbonera cy’impande zombi, kandi impinduka buhoro buhoro ihuzwa neza n’ubuhaname bw’igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi. Nk’umuhanda wa UIC60kg/m, ugomba gukoreshwa R120-R35-R7. Gari ya moshi yo mu Buyapani ya 60kg/m ikoresha R500-R19. Gari ya moshi yo mu Bushinwa ya 60kg/m ikoresha R400-R20. Gutwara gari ya moshi yihuta bisaba ubufasha bw’ibikoresho by’umwuga byo gutwara abantu n’amatsinda. Muri rusange, gari ya moshi yihuta itwarwa na gari ya moshi. Mu ntangiriro z’iyubakwa rya gari ya moshi yihuta yo mu gihugu, hari ibikoresho by’ingenzi n’ibikoresho byagombaga gutumizwa biva mu mahanga. Muri icyo gihe, ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere bwari uburyo busanzwe bwo gutwara abantu. Ariko, gari ya moshi yihuta yakozwe kandi ikorwa ku giti cyayo muri rusange itwarwa na gari ya moshi ubwayo. Buri gari ya moshi yihuta ifite uburebure bwa metero 25 kandi ipima toni 30. Akenshi bisaba amakamyo abiri imbere n’inyuma kugira ngo urangize igikorwa cyose cyo gutwara abantu. Bityo rero, mbere yo gutwara abantu, ni ngombwa gutegura neza inzira no kugenzura mbere y’igihe niba imodoka yujuje ibisabwa mu gutwara abantu kugira ngo hatagira impanuka cyangwa ibyangiritse mu gihe cyo gutwara abantu.
IMBARAGA Z'IKORESHA
Yakorewe mu Bushinwa, serivisi nziza, ifite ireme rigezweho, izwi ku isi hose
1. Ingaruka ku gipimo: Isosiyete yacu ifite urunigi runini rw'ibikoresho n'uruganda runini rw'ibyuma, rugera ku ngaruka ku gipimo mu gutwara no gutanga amasoko, kandi rukaba isosiyete y'ibyuma ihuza umusaruro na serivisi.
2. Ubudasa bw'ibicuruzwa: Ubudasa bw'ibicuruzwa, icyuma icyo ari cyo cyose wifuza gishobora kugurwa muri twe, ahanini gikoreshwa mu byuma, imiyoboro y'ibyuma, imigozi y'icyuma, uduce duto twa photovoltaic, icyuma cy'imiyoboro, imiyoboro ya silikoni n'ibindi bicuruzwa, bituma byoroha Hitamo ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa wifuza kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye.
3. Itangwa ry’ibikoresho rihamye: Kugira umurongo uhamye w’ibicuruzwa n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa bishobora gutanga serivisi yizewe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku baguzi bakeneye ibyuma byinshi.
4. Ingufu z'ikirango: Gifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kirango n'isoko rinini
5. Serivisi: Isosiyete nini y'ibyuma ihuza ibikorwa byo guhindura ibintu, gutwara abantu n'ibintu
6. Ihangana ry'ibiciro: igiciro gikwiye
*Ohereza imeri kuri[email protected]kugira ngo ubone igiciro cy'imishinga yawe
GUSURA ABAKIRIYA
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
1. Nabona gute ibiciro bivuye kuri wewe?
Urashobora kudusigira ubutumwa, kandi tuzasubiza buri butumwa ku gihe.
2. Ese uzageza ibicuruzwa ku gihe?
Yego, twizeza gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza cyane no kubigeza ku gihe. Ubunyangamugayo ni yo ngingo nyamukuru y'ikigo cyacu.
3.Ese nshobora kubona ingero mbere yo gutumiza?
Yego, birumvikana. Ubusanzwe ingero zacu ni ubuntu, dushobora kuzikora dukoresheje ingero zawe cyangwa ibishushanyo bya tekiniki.
4. Ni ibihe biteganyijwe mu kwishyura?
Igihe cyo kwishyura gisanzwe ni 30% by'amafaranga yatanzwe, kandi asigaye kuri B/L. EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF.
5.Ese wemera isuzuma ry’umuntu wa gatatu?
Yego rwose turabyemera.
6. Ni gute twizera ikigo cyawe?
Dufite umwihariko mu bucuruzi bw'ibyuma imyaka myinshi nk'umucuruzi w'izahabu, icyicaro gikuru giherereye mu ntara ya Tianjin, turakwemera gukora iperereza mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, mu buryo bwose.
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