Imiterere yububiko bwa prefab Imiterere yamagaze ibikorwa byububiko

Imiterere y'icyuma ni imiterere igizwe n'ibikoresho by'ibyuma, nimwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi bwo kubaka. Imiterere igizwe ahanini n'ibiti, inkingi z'ibyuma, amacakubiri n'ibindi bice bikozwe mubyuma byerekanwe n'icyuma. Ifata Silanisa, phossane nziza ya phowani, gukaraba no gukama, guhora no gukuraho ingendo no gukumira inzira. Ibice cyangwa ibice mubisanzwe bihujwe no gusudira, bolts cyangwa inzitiro. Kubera uburemere bwumucyo no kubaka byoroshye, bikoreshwa cyane mu nyubako nini zo mu ruganda, stade, hamwe no hejuru cyane. Inzego z'icyuma zishobora kwibasirwa na ruswa. Mubisanzwe, imiterere yicyuma igomba gushimirwa, gusiganwa cyangwa gushushanywa, kandi buri gihe ikomeza.

Icyuma kirangwa n'imbaraga nyinshi, uburemere bworoshye, uburemere bwiza muri rusange, no kurwanya cyane kuringaniza. Kubwibyo, birakwiriye cyane cyane kubaka iyubakwa rinini, ultra-ndende, ninyubako ziremereye; Ibikoresho bifite ubushishozi bwiza na Isotropy, nibikoresho byiza bya elastique, nibyiza byujuje ibitekerezo byibanze byubukanishi rusange; Ibikoresho bifite plastity nziza n'ubuto bwiza, birashobora kugira imyuka minini, kandi ishobora kwihanganira imizigo ifite imbaraga; Igihe cyo kubaka ni gito; Ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwinganda, kandi rushobora kuba rwihariye mumusaruro hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwabakoresha.

Ku nyubako yicyuma, ibikoma byimbaraga nyinshi bigomba kwigishwa kugirango byongere imbaraga zabo. Byongeye kandi, ubwoko bushya bw'ibimera, nk'icunga rya h-shusho (uzwi kandi kubyuma byagutse-flange) n'icyuma kimwe, ndetse n'isahani ihindagurika, ndetse no kuzunguruka ku nzego nini kandi ikeneye super inyubako ndende.

Byongeye kandi, hariho ikiraro kirwanya ubushyuhe bwijimye. Iyi nyubako ubwayo ntabwo ari ingufu-ikora neza. Iri koranabuhanga rikoresha ubwenge budasanzwe kugirango dukemure ikibazo cyikiraro gikonje kandi gishyushye mu nyubako. Imiterere ntoya ituma insinga n'amazi yo kunyura mu rukuta rwo kubaka. Imitako iroroshye.

Sisitemu yicyuma ifite ibyiza byuzuye byuburemere bwumucyo, inganda zishingiye ku ruganda, kwishyiriraho byihuse, imikorere myiza yo kubaka, imikorere myiza, imikorere yihuse, ishoramari ryihuse, hamwe numwanda wihuse. Ugereranije n'imiterere yemejwe, ifite ibyiza bidasanzwe by'ibice bitatu by'iterambere, mu bihugu byateye imbere, cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere kandi bikoreshwa mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro.

Imyitozo yerekanye ko imbaraga nini, inyinshi mu banyamuryango b'icyuma. Ariko, iyo imbaraga ari nini cyane, abanyamuryango ba slal bazavunika cyangwa bakomeye kandi bakomeye ba plastike, bizagira ingaruka kumirimo isanzwe yimiterere yubuhanga. Kugirango ukemure ibikorwa bisanzwe byubwubatsi ninzego zisanzwe ziremerewe, birasabwa ko buri munyamuryango w'icyuma agomba kugira ubushobozi buhagije bwo gutanga imitwaro, azwi kandi kubwo kwihanganira ubushobozi. Ubushobozi bwo kwitwarika bupimwa cyane nimbaraga zihagije, gukomera no gutuza kwumunyamuryango yicyuma.

Uburebure buhagije bivuga ubushobozi bwibice byicyuma kugirango barwanye ibyangiritse (kuvunika cyangwa guhindura burundu). Nukuvuga, nta gutsindwa gutsindwa cyangwa gukandamira bibaho munsi yumutwaro, nubushobozi bwo gukora neza kandi byizewe. Imbaraga nigisabwa cyibanze abanyamuryango bose bafite imitwaro bagomba guhura, niko nibyibandwaho.

Indwara ihagije yerekana ubushobozi bwumunyamuryango wicyuma kugirango urwane imico. Niba umunyamuryango w'icyuma uhinduranya cyane nyuma yo guhangayika, ntibizakora neza niyo byaba bitangiritse. Kubwibyo, umunyamuryango wicyuma agomba kuba afite imbaraga zihagije, ni ukuvuga ko kunanirwa gukomera byemewe. Ibisabwa bikomeye biratandukanye nubwoko butandukanye bwibigize, kandi amahame nibisobanuro nibisobanuro bigomba kubazwa mugihe usaba.

Guhagarara bivuga ubushobozi bwibigize ibyuma kugirango babungabunge ifishi ya liquiribrium yumwimerere (leta) munsi yimbaraga zingabo zo hanze.

Gutakaza umutekano ni ibintu kubyuma bihindura mu buryo butunguranye imiterere y'umwimerere ubwo igitutu cyiyongera ku rugero runaka, uvugwa ko ari umutekano. Abanyamuryango batwikiriye banywa inzoga zikikijwe na bo barashobora kandi guhindura mu buryo butunguranye imiterere yabo ya equilibrium yabo kandi idahungabana. Kubwibyo, ibi bigize ibyuma bigomba gusabwa kugira ubushobozi bwo gukomeza ifishi yabo yumwimerere, ni ukuvuga ko bafite umutekano ahagije kugirango umenye neza ko batazahungabana kandi byangiritse mubihe byagenwe.
Intege nke zumuvuduko wumuvuduko muri rusange ziboneka mu buryo butunguranye kandi zirasenya cyane, bityo igitutu kigomba kugira umutekano uhagije.