Prefab Ububiko bwububiko bwamahugurwa Amahugurwa yububiko bwinganda

Imiterere yicyuma nuburyo bugizwe nibikoresho byibyuma, nimwe mubwoko nyamukuru bwubaka.Imiterere igizwe ahanini nibiti, inkingi zibyuma, imitsi yicyuma nibindi bikoresho bikozwe mubyuma byanditseho ibyuma.Ifata silanisation, fosifatiya ya manganese isukuye, gukaraba no gukama, gusya hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gukuraho ingese no kwirinda ingese.Ibigize cyangwa ibice mubisanzwe bihuzwa no gusudira, bolts cyangwa imirongo.Kubera uburemere bworoheje nubwubatsi bworoshye, ikoreshwa cyane mumazu manini yinganda, stade, hamwe n’ahantu hahanamye cyane.Imiterere yicyuma irashobora kwangirika.Mubisanzwe, ibyuma byubatswe bigomba gusuzugurwa, gusiga irangi cyangwa gusiga irangi, kandi bigahoraho.

Ibyuma birangwa nimbaraga nyinshi, uburemere bworoshye, gukomera muri rusange, no kurwanya imbaraga zo guhindura ibintu.Kubwibyo, irakwiriye cyane cyane kubaka inyubako nini-nini, ultra-high, na super-heavy;ibikoresho bifite ubutinganyi bwiza na isotropy, nibyiza bya elastique Ibikoresho, bihura neza nibitekerezo byibanze byubukanishi rusange;ibikoresho bifite plastike nziza nubukomere, birashobora kugira deforme nini, kandi birashobora kwihanganira imitwaro yingirakamaro;igihe cyo kubaka ni gito;ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwinganda, kandi irashobora kuba inzobere mubikorwa hamwe na mashini yo hejuru.

Kubyuma byibyuma, ibyuma-bikomeye-bigomba kwigwa kugirango byongere umusaruro wimbaraga zabo.Byongeye kandi, ubwoko bushya bwibyuma, nkicyuma cya H (kizwi kandi nkicyuma kigari) kandi nicyuma cya T, hamwe nibyuma byerekana ibyuma, bizunguruka kugirango bihuze nuburyo bunini kandi bikenewe na super inyubako ndende.

Mubyongeyeho, hariho sisitemu yubushyuhe bwikiraro cyumucyo.Inyubako ubwayo ntabwo ikoresha ingufu.Iri koranabuhanga rikoresha ubwenge bwihariye buhuza kugirango rikemure ikibazo cyikiraro gikonje kandi gishyushye mu nyubako.Imiterere ntoya ya truss ituma insinga numuyoboro wamazi unyura murukuta rwo kubaka.Imitako iroroshye.

Sisitemu yibigize ibyuma bifite ibyiza byuzuye byuburemere bworoshye, inganda zakozwe ninganda, kwishyiriraho byihuse, ubwubatsi bwigihe gito, imikorere myiza y’imitingito, kugarura ishoramari byihuse, no kwangiza ibidukikije.Ugereranije n’ibyuma bishimangirwa, bifite byinshi Byiza bidasanzwe byingingo eshatu ziterambere, murwego rwisi yose, cyane cyane mubihugu byateye imbere no mukarere, ibice byibyuma byakoreshejwe neza kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye nubwubatsi.

Imyitozo yerekanye ko imbaraga nini, niko guhindura imikorere yumunyamuryango wibyuma.Ariko, iyo imbaraga ari nini cyane, abanyamuryango b'ibyuma bazavunika cyangwa bikomeye kandi bihindagurika cyane bya plastike, bizagira ingaruka kubikorwa bisanzwe byububiko.Kugirango hamenyekane imikorere isanzwe yibikoresho byubwubatsi nububiko biri munsi yumutwaro, birasabwa ko buri munyamuryango wibyuma agomba kuba afite ubushobozi buhagije bwo gutwara imizigo, bizwi kandi nkubushobozi bwo gutwara.Ubushobozi bwo gutwara bupimirwa cyane cyane nimbaraga zihagije, gukomera no gutuza kwumunyamuryango wibyuma.

Imbaraga zihagijeImbaraga bivuga ubushobozi bwicyuma cyo kurwanya ibyangiritse (kuvunika cyangwa guhindagurika burundu).Nukuvuga ko, nta kunanirwa gutanga umusaruro cyangwa kunanirwa kuvunika bibaho munsi yumutwaro, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora neza kandi bwizewe buremewe.Imbaraga nicyo kintu cyibanze gisabwa abanyamuryango bose bitwaje imitwaro bagomba kuba bujuje, bityo rero nicyo cyibandwaho mu kwiga.

Gukomera bihagijeIkibazo bivuga ubushobozi bwumunyamuryango wibyuma kurwanya ihindagurika.Niba umunyamuryango wibyuma afite ihinduka ryinshi nyuma yo guhangayika, ntabwo bizakora neza nubwo bitangiritse.Kubwibyo, umunyamuryango wibyuma agomba kugira gukomera bihagije, ni ukuvuga ko nta gutsindwa gukomeye byemewe.Ibisabwa gukomera biratandukanye kubwoko butandukanye bwibigize, kandi ibipimo ngenderwaho nibisobanuro bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe ubisabye.

StabilityStability bivuga ubushobozi bwibigize ibyuma kugirango bigumane imiterere yumwimerere iringaniye (leta) munsi yimbaraga ziva hanze.

Gutakaza umutekano ni ibintu byerekana ko umunyamuryango wibyuma ahindura muburyo butunguranye uburyo bwa equilibrium yumwimerere mugihe igitutu cyiyongereye kurwego runaka, byitwa guhungabana.Bamwe mubanyamuryango bafunitse bafite uruzitiro rushobora nanone guhinduka muburyo butunguranye buringaniye kandi bigahinduka.Kubwibyo, ibyo bikoresho byibyuma bigomba gusabwa kugira ubushobozi bwo gukomeza imiterere yumwimerere iringaniye, ni ukuvuga, kugira umutekano uhagije kugirango barebe ko bitazahungabana kandi byangiritse mugihe cyagenwe cyo gukoresha.
Ihungabana ryumuvuduko wumurongo mubisanzwe bibaho gitunguranye kandi birasenya cyane, bityo igitutu cyumuvuduko kigomba kugira ituze rihagije.