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Ni ibihe bikoresho bikenewe kugira ngo inyubako y'icyuma cyiza ikoreshwe?

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Inyubako z'ibyumakoresha icyuma nk'inyubako y'ibanze itwara imizigo (nk'imigozi, inkingi, n'imigozi), ikongerwamo ibintu bidatwara imizigo nka sima n'ibikoresho byo ku nkuta. Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'icyuma, nko gukomera cyane, koroshye, no kongera gukoreshwa, byatumye kiba ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi mu bwubatsi bugezweho, cyane cyane ku nyubako nini, ndende, n'inganda. Inyubako z'icyuma zikoreshwa cyane muri sitade, mu nzu z'imurikagurisha, mu nyubako ndende, mu nganda, mu biraro, no mu zindi nganda.

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Imiterere y'ingenzi y'imiterere

Imiterere y'inyubako y'icyuma igomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe imikorere y'inyubako (nk'uburebure, uburebure, n'umutwaro). Ubwoko busanzwe ni ubu bukurikira:

Imiterere y'imiterere Ihame ry'ingenzi Ibintu Bishoboka Urubanza rusanzwe
Imiterere y'urupapuro Igizwe n'imiringa n'inkingi bihujwe binyuze mu ngingo zikomeye cyangwa zifite amapine kugira ngo bikore amafuremu y'urukiramende, afite imitwaro ihagaze n'imitwaro itambitse (umuyaga, umutingito). Inyubako z'ibiro zifite amagorofa menshi/amagorofa maremare, amahoteli, amacumbi (ubusanzwe afite uburebure bwa ≤ metero 100). Umunara wa 3B w’Ikigo cy’Ubucuruzi cy’Isi cy’Ubushinwa (igice cy’urupapuro)
Imiterere y'urukuta Igizwe n'ibice bigororotse (urugero: icyuma cy'inguni, icyuma kizunguruka) byagizwemo ibice by'impandeshatu. Ikoresha uburyo bwo kwihanganira mpandeshatu mu kwimura imizigo, bigatuma imbaraga zikwirakwira neza. Inyubako nini (uburebure: metero 20-100): siporo, ibyumba by'imurikagurisha, amahugurwa y'inganda. Igisenge cya Sitade y'Igihugu (Ikiraro cy'inyoni)
Imiterere y'ikigega cy'inyuma/icya Lattice Bikozwe n'ibice byinshi bitondetse mu buryo busanzwe (urugero: mpandeshatu zingana, kare) mu muyoboro w'ahantu. Imbaraga zikwirakwizwa mu buryo burambuye, bigatuma ahantu hanini hakwirakwizwa. Inyubako nini cyane (uburebure: metero 50-200): aho ikibuga cy'indege gihagarara, aho gukorera amakoraniro. Igisenge cy'ikibuga cy'indege cya Guangzhou Baiyun Terminal 2
Imiterere y'urukiramende ihamye Igizwe n'inkingi zikomeye n'imitako kugira ngo ikore ishusho nk'iy'"irembo". Inkingi zishingiyeho akenshi ziba zifite imigozi, zikwiriye gutwara imizigo yoroheje. Inganda z’igorofa rimwe, ububiko, ibigo by’ibikoresho (uburebure: metero 10-30). Ishuri rikuru ry'ibikorwa by'uruganda rw'imodoka
Imiterere y'Insinga n'Uturemangingo Ikoresha insinga z'icyuma zikomeye cyane (urugero, insinga z'icyuma zikozwe mu cyuma cya galvanized) nk'urukuta rutwara imizigo, rutwikiriwe n'ibikoresho byoroshye byoroshye (urugero, urukuta rwa PTFE), rufite ubushobozi bwo kohereza urumuri n'ubushobozi bwo gukora igihe kinini. Inyubako zo mu gasozi, imikino yo mu bwoko bwa gymnasiums ifite umuyaga uhagije, n'ibisenge by'ibiraro by'imisoro. Icyumba cyo koga cya Shanghai Oriental Sports Center
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Ibikoresho by'ingenzi

Icyuma cyakoreshejwe muriinyubako z'ibyumabigomba gutoranywa hashingiwe ku bisabwa ku mutwaro w’inyubako, imiterere y’aho bishyirwa, n’uburyo igiciro cyabyo kigenda neza. Bishyirwa mu byiciro bitatu: plaque, porofiles, n’imiyoboro. Ibyiciro n’imiterere byihariye ni ibi bikurikira:

I. Amasahani:
1. Amasahani y'icyuma aremereye
2. Amasahani y'icyuma afite ubugari buciriritse
3. Amasahani y'icyuma afite ibishushanyo

II. Imyirondoro:
(I) Imiterere ishyushye: Ikwiriye ibice by'ingenzi bitwara imizigo, itanga imbaraga nyinshi n'ubukana
1. Imirasire ya I (harimo imirasire ya H)
2. Icyuma cy'imiyoboro (C-beams)
3. Ibyuma by'inguni (L-beams)
4. Icyuma giteretse
(II) Imiterere y'inkuta ntoya ikozwe mu buryo bukonje: Ikwiriye ibice byoroheje kandi bifunze, itanga uburemere buke
1. Imirasire ya C-ikozwe mu bukonje
2. Imirasire ya Z-ikozwe mu buryo bukonje
3. Imiyoboro ikonje kandi ifite impande enye n'igice

III. Imiyoboro:
1. Imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite umushono
2. Imiyoboro y'icyuma ishongeshejwe
3. Imiyoboro ishongeshejwe mu buryo bw'uruziga
4. Imiyoboro y'icyuma ifite imiterere yihariye

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Imiterere y'icyuma ni ingirakamaro

Ingufu nyinshi, Uburemere bworoheje: Ingufu zo gukurura no gukandagira kw'icyuma ziri hejuru cyane kurusha sima (hafi inshuro 5-10 z'iza sima). Bitewe n'ibisabwa bimwe mu gutwara imizigo, ibice by'icyuma bishobora kuba bito mu bice bitandukanye kandi byoroshye mu buremere (hafi 1/3-1/5 by'inyubako za sima).

Ubwubatsi bwihuse n'inganda zigezweho: Inyubako y'icyumaIbice (nk'imiringa ya H n'inkingi z'amasanduku) bishobora gukorerwa mu nganda zifite ubuziranenge bwa milimetero. Bisaba gusa gushongesha cyangwa gusudira kugira ngo biteranyirizwe aho hantu, bigatuma hatabaho igihe cyo gukonjesha nk'ibuye rya sima.

Imikorere myiza cyane ya Tismic: Icyuma kigaragaza ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza (ni ukuvuga ko gishobora kwangirika cyane iyo gifite umutwaro kitavunitse mu buryo butunguranye). Mu gihe cy'imitingito, inyubako z'icyuma zifata ingufu binyuze mu guhinduka kwazo, bigabanura ibyago byo gusenyuka kw'inyubako muri rusange.

Gukoresha umwanya munini: Uduce duto tw’ibice by’icyuma (nk’inkingi z’icyuma zimeze nk’imirongo n’imirongo mito ya H) bigabanya umwanya utuwe n’inkuta cyangwa inkingi.

Irinda ibidukikije kandi ishobora kongera gukoreshwa: Icyuma gifite igipimo cyo hejuru cyane cyo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi (kirenga 90%). Inyubako z'icyuma zasenyutse zishobora kongera gutunganywa no kongera gukoreshwa, bigabanye imyanda y'ubwubatsi.

Ubushinwa Royal Steel Ltd

Aderesi

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Imeri

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Terefone

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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-01-2025
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