Ikirundo cy'icyumani ibyuma byubatswe hamwe nibikoresho bihuza kumpande, kandi ibikoresho byo guhuza birashobora guhuzwa kubuntu kugirango bikomeze kandi bigumanye ubutaka cyangwa amazi agumana urukuta.
Ibirundo by'ibyuma biratwarwa (bikanda) mu rufatiro hamwe n'umushoferi w'ikirundo kandi bigahuzwa kugira ngo bibe urukuta rw'icyuma kugira ngo rugumane ubutaka n'amazi.Ubwoko bukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye burimo: U-shusho, Z-na Ubwoko bwurubuga.
Ibirundo by'ibyuma birakwiriye gushyigikira urufatiro rworoshye hamwe n'ibyobo byimbitse bifite amazi menshi yo mu butaka.Biroroshye kubaka kandi bifite inyungu zimikorere myiza yo guhagarika amazi kandi birashobora kongera gukoreshwa.Imiterere yo gutanga ibyuma birunda.Uburebure bwo gutangaurupapuro rukonje rukonjeni 6m, 9m, 12m, na 15m.Birashobora kandi gutunganywa gukata-kuburebure ukurikije ibisabwa nabakoresha, hamwe nuburebure bwa 24m.
Umushoferi w'ikirundo, bakunze kwita "manipulator", ni imashini yo gutwara ibirundo by'ibyuma.Iyo utwaye kandi ugakuramo ibirundo, umuvuduko na vibrasiyo yinshyi birashobora guhinduka kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Inzira yo Kubaka
.Ibirundo by'ibyuma bitameze neza, byafunze ibihingwa, kandi byangiritse cyane bigomba gusanwa no gukosorwa.Ibirundo byunamye kandi byahinduwe birashobora gukosorwa numuvuduko wa hydraulic jack cyangwa guteka umuriro.
(2) Igabana ry'ibice bitemba.
(3) Mugihe cyo kugerageza.Kugirango uhagarike neza ibirundo by'ibyuma.Koresha theodolite ebyiri kugirango ugenzure mubyerekezo bibiri.
.Kubwibyo, bigomba gupimwa buri 1m itwaye.Nyuma yo gutwara kugeza ubujyakuzimu bwateganijwe, hita ukoresha ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma kugirango uzenguruke ibirundo.Inyuguti irasudira kugirango ikosorwe by'agateganyo.
Ingaruka:
1. Gukemura no gukemura urukurikirane rwibibazo bivuka mugihe cyo gucukura;
2. Kubaka biroroshye kandi igihe cyo kubaka kiragufi.
3. Kubikorwa byubwubatsi, birashobora kugabanya ibisabwa umwanya;
4. Gukoresha ibirundo by'ibyuma birashobora gutanga umutekano ukenewe kandi ni mugihe gikwiye (kubikorwa byo gutabara no gutabara);
5. Gukoresha ibirundo by'ibyuma ntibibujijwe n'ikirere;
6. Muburyo bwo gukoresha ibirundo by'ibyuma, inzira igoye yo kugenzura imikorere y'ibikoresho cyangwa sisitemu irashobora koroshya;
7. Menya neza guhuza n'imihindagurikire yacyo, guhinduranya neza no kongera gukoresha.
8. Irashobora gukoreshwa kandi ikongera gukoreshwa, kuzigama amafaranga.
Yayoibyizani: imbaraga nyinshi, byoroshye gutwara mubutaka bukomeye;irashobora kubakwa mumazi maremare, nibiba ngombwa, infashanyo ya diagonal irashobora kongerwamo kugirango ikore akazu.Ifite imikorere myiza idafite amazi;irashobora gukora cofferdams yuburyo butandukanye nkuko bikenewe kandi irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi.Kubwibyo, ifite intera nini yo gukoresha.
1. Ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutwara no kumurika.Urukuta ruhoraho rugizwe n'ibirundo by'ibyuma bifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi zikomeye.
2. Ifite amazi meza kandi ifunga kumyanya yibirundo byibyuma byahujwe cyane kugirango bisanzwe birinda amazi.
3. Kubaka biroroshye, birashobora guhuza nuburyo butandukanye bwa geologiya nubuziranenge bwubutaka, birashobora kugabanya ubwinshi bwubutaka bwacukuwe mu rwobo rwishingiro, kandi ibikorwa bifata umwanya muto.4. Kuramba neza.Ukurikije ibidukikije, ubuzima bwa serivisi burashobora kumara imyaka 50.
5. Kubaka bitangiza ibidukikije, ubwinshi bwubutaka bwafashwe nubunini bwa beto buragabanuka cyane, bishobora kurinda neza umutungo wubutaka.
6. Igikorwa kirakora neza kandi kirakwiriye cyane mugushira mubikorwa byihuse gutabara no gukumira ibiza nko kurwanya umwuzure, gusenyuka, kwihuta, hamwe na nyamugigima.7. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa kandi bigakoreshwa inshuro nyinshi.Mu mishinga yigihe gito, irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro 20 kugeza 30.
8. Ugereranije nizindi nyubako imwe, urukuta ruba rworoshye kandi rufite uburyo bwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, bigatuma rukwirakwizwa no kuvura ibiza bitandukanye bya geologiya.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-22-2024