Amakuru - Ivugurura ry'ibiciro by'imizigo yo mu nyanja mu nganda z'ibyuma

Vuba aha, bitewe n’izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’isi n’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi byiyongera, ibiciro by’imizigo y’ibicuruzwa by’ibyuma byoherezwa mu mahanga birimo guhinduka. Ibicuruzwa by’icyuma, inkingi y’iterambere ry’inganda ku isi, bikoreshwa cyane mu nzego z’ingenzi nko mu bwubatsi, gukora imodoka, n’imashini. Mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, gutwara ibicuruzwa by’icyuma bishingiye ahanini ku ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi, bitewe n’inyungu zabyo zo gutwara ibintu byinshi, ikiguzi gito, n’intera ndende zo gutwara ibintu. Ariko, mu myaka ya vuba aha, impinduka zikunze kugaragara ku gipimo cy’ubwikorezi bw’ibyuma zagize ingaruka zikomeye ku batunganya ibyuma, abacuruzi, amasosiyete yo hasi, ndetse no ku ituze ry’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho by’icyuma ku isi. Kubwibyo, isesengura ryimbitse ry’ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri izi mpinduka, ingaruka zabyo, n’ingamba zijyanye nabyo ni ingenzi cyane ku bafatanyabikorwa bose mu nganda.

kohereza ibicuruzwa by'icyuma mu mahanga

Politiki y'ubucuruzi ku isi n'ibintu bya politiki y'ubutaka birimo kugira ingaruka ku kiguzi cyo kohereza ibyuma. Ku ruhande rumwe, impinduka muri politiki y'ubucuruzi, nko kuvugurura imisoro y'ibicuruzwa byinjizwa mu gihugu n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ibipimo by'ubucuruzi, no gutangiza iperereza ku misoro yo kurwanya itaka no kugabanya ibiciro, bishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bucuruzi bw'ibyuma, bityo bigahindura icyifuzo cy'ikiguzi cyo kohereza. Urugero, niba igihugu gikomeye gitumiza ibyuma mu gihugu cyongereye imisoro y'ibicuruzwa byinjizwa mu gihugu, ibyo ibyuma byinjizwa mu gihugu bishobora kugabanuka, bigatuma icyifuzo cyo kohereza mu nzira zijyanye nabyo kigabanuka kandi bigashobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kohereza. Ku rundi ruhande, amakimbirane ya politiki y'isi, amakimbirane yo mu karere, n'impinduka mu mibanire mpuzamahanga bishobora kubangamira imikorere isanzwe y'inzira zo kohereza mu nyanja. Urugero, gufunga inzira zimwe na zimwe z'ingenzi zo kohereza mu nyanja bitewe n'amakimbirane ya politiki y'isi bishobora gutuma amasosiyete y'ubwikorezi ahitamo inzira ndende, bikongera igihe n'ibiciro byo gutwara, kandi amaherezo bigatera ibiciro byo kohereza mu gihugu byiyongera.

Nk’abahuza hagati y’ibigo by’ibyuma n’abakiriya bo hasi, abacuruzi b’ibyuma bashishikajwe cyane no guhindura ibiciro by’imizigo yo mu nyanja. Ku ruhande rumwe, kwiyongera kw’ibiciro by’imizigo yo mu nyanja byongera ikiguzi cyo kugura ibicuruzwa ku bacuruzi b’ibyuma. Kugira ngo bakomeze inyungu zabo, abacuruzi b’ibyuma bagomba kuzamura ibiciro by’ibyuma, bishobora kugabanya ipiganwa ry’ibicuruzwa byabo kandi bikagira ingaruka ku bicuruzwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’imizigo yo mu nyanja naryo ryongera ibyago ku bacuruzi b’ibyuma. Urugero, niba ibiciro by’imizigo yo mu nyanja byiyongereye mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe cyo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ibiciro nyabyo by’umucuruzi bizarenga ingengo y’imari, kandi niba ibiciro ku isoko bitazamutse uko bikwiye, umucuruzi azahura n’igihombo. Byongeye kandi, ivugurura ry’imizigo yo mu nyanja rishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’abacuruzi b’ibyuma. Iyo ibiciro by’imizigo yo mu nyanja biri hejuru, bamwe mu bakiriya bashobora gusubika cyangwa guhagarika ibyo batumiza, bikongera igihe cyo gucuruza no kongera ikiguzi cy’imari.

Ibigo by'ibyuma bigomba kongera ubushakashatsi n'isesengura ry'isoko ry'imizigo yo mu nyanja, gushyiraho uburyo burambuye bwo gukurikirana imizigo yo mu nyanja no gutanga amakuru hakiri kare, no gusobanukirwa vuba impinduka zigenda zibaho mu mikorere yo mu nyanja kugira ngo bihindure gahunda z'umusaruro n'igurisha ku gihe.