Ubwubatsi bw'Ikiraro/Uruganda/Ububiko/Ibyuma mu byuma
Uburemere bworoheje: Ugereranyije n'inyubako za sima, inyubako z'ibyuma zifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bwinshi kuri buri gipimo, ibyo bigabanya uburemere bw'inyubako kandi bikagabanya ikiguzi cy'ibanze. Kubaka byihuse: Gutegura no gusudira inyubako y'icyuma bishobora gukorwa mu ruganda, bigagabanya igihe cyo kubaka aho hantu.
Imiterere y'imbere y'icyuma iba ikomeye cyane. Iyo hakoreshejwe imiyoboro ishongeshejwe, cyangwa se hakoreshejwe imigozi cyangwa amaboliti, biroroshye kuyifata neza idaseseye.
*Ohereza imeri kuri[email protected]kugira ngo ubone igiciro cy'imishinga yawe
| Urutonde rw'Ibikoresho | |
| Umushinga | |
| Ingano | Dukurikije ibyo abakiriya bakeneye |
| Urufatiro rw'Inyubako y'Icyuma Gikuru | |
| Inkingi | Ibyuma bya Q235B, Q355B byasutsweho igice cya H |
| Umurabyo | Ibyuma bya Q235B, Q355B byasutsweho igice cya H |
| Urufatiro rw'Icyuma cya Kabiri | |
| Purlin | Ibyuma byo mu bwoko bwa Q235B C na Z |
| Igikoresho cyo gukingira ivi | Ibyuma byo mu bwoko bwa Q235B C na Z |
| Umuyoboro wa karavati | Umuyoboro w'icyuma uzenguruka wa Q235B |
| Inkingi | Akabari k'uruziga ka Q235B |
| Inkunga ihagaze n'itambitse | Inkingi y'icyuma ya Q235B, Umugozi uzunguruka cyangwa umuyoboro w'icyuma |
UKO IBICURUZWA BIGENDA
INYUNGU
Icyuma kirangwa n'imbaraga nyinshi, uburemere bworoheje, gukomera neza muri rusange, no kurwanya guhindagurika gukomeye. Kubwibyo, kibereye cyane cyane mu kubaka inyubako nini, ndende cyane, kandi ziremereye cyane; ibikoresho bifite uburyo bwo guhuza neza na isotropi, ari na byo bifasha mu guhindagurika neza. Ibikoresho, bihuye neza n'ibitekerezo by'ibanze by'ubukanishi rusange; ibikoresho bifite plastike nziza n'ubukomere, bishobora kugira guhindagurika gukomeye, kandi bishobora kwihanganira imitwaro ihindagurika neza; igihe cyo kubaka ni gito; gifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'inganda, kandi gishobora kwibanda ku musaruro hamwe n'urwego rwo hejuru rw'imashini.
Ku byuma binini, ibyuma bikomeye bigomba kwigwa kugira ngo byongere imbaraga zabyo zo gutanga umusaruro. Byongeye kandi, ubwoko bushya bw'ibyuma, nk'icyuma gifite ishusho ya H (kizwi kandi nk'icyuma gifite ishusho ya wide-flange) n'icyuma gifite ishusho ya T, hamwe n'amasahani y'icyuma afite ishusho, birazingirwa kugira ngo bihuze n'inyubako nini kandi bikenewe ku nyubako ndende cyane.
Byongeye kandi, hari sisitemu y'icyuma gikingira ubushyuhe mu nyubako. Inyubako ubwayo ntabwo ikoresha ingufu nke. Iri koranabuhanga rikoresha uburyo bwihariye bwo guhuza ibintu kugira ngo rikemure ikibazo cy'ibiraro bikonje n'ibishyushye mu nyubako. Inyubako nto y'inkingi ituma insinga n'imiyoboro y'amazi binyura mu rukuta kugira ngo byubakwe. Imitako iraryoshye.
Akamaro:
Sisitemu y'ibice by'icyuma ifite ibyiza byinshi birimo uburemere bworoheje, inganda zikorerwa mu ruganda, gushyiraho vuba, kubaka igihe gito, gukora neza kw'imitingito, kongera ishoramari vuba, no kugabanya ihumana ry'ibidukikije. Ugereranyije n'inyubako za sima zikomeye, ifite byinshi. Ibyiza byihariye by'ibice bitatu by'iterambere, mu rwego rw'isi, cyane cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere n'uturere, ibice by'icyuma byakoreshejwe mu buryo bukwiye kandi bukoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye n'ubwubatsi.
Ubushobozi bwo gutwara:
Imyitozo yagaragaje ko uko imbaraga ziba nyinshi, ni ko icyuma gihinduka cyane. Ariko, iyo imbaraga ari nini cyane, ibyuma bizavunika cyangwa bigahindura imiterere ya pulasitiki cyane kandi ikomeye, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe y'imiterere y'ubuhanga. Kugira ngo ibikoresho n'inyubako by'ubuhanga bikore neza, ni ngombwa ko buri cyuma kigomba kugira ubushobozi buhagije bwo gutwara imizigo, buzwi kandi nka ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo. Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bupimirwa ahanini n'imbaraga zihagije, gukomera no kudahungabana kw'icyuma.
Ingufu zihagije
Imbaraga yerekeza ku bushobozi bw'igice cy'icyuma mu kurwanya kwangirika (kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika guhoraho). Ni ukuvuga ko nta kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika bibaho munsi y'umutwaro, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora mu mutekano no mu buryo bwizewe burahamye. Imbaraga ni ikintu cy'ibanze abanyamuryango bose batwara imizigo bagomba kuzuza, bityo ni nacyo cyibandwaho mu kwiga.
KUBIKURAHO
Ni ibihe bice by'ingenzi by'inyubako y'uruganda rw'ibyuma? 1. Ibice by'urufatiro (bishobora gushimangirainyubako y'icyuma yakozwe mbere). 2. Inkingi zikozwe mu giti cya H-beam, I-beam, tube ruziga cyangwa C-beam (imiringa ibiri ya C ifatanye). 3. Imiringa ikozwe mu cyuma gifite ishusho ya C n'icyuma gifite ishusho ya H. 4. Purlins ubusanzwe zikoresha icyuma gifite ishusho ya C n'icyuma cy'umuyoboro. 5. Inkuta n'ibisenge bikozwe mu byuma bifite ishusho y'amabara, kimwe ni amatafari y'icyuma afite ibara rimwe (amatafari y'icyuma afite ibara). Kimwe ni amatafari y'icyuma afite ibara rya sandwich. Ifuro, ubwoya bw'amabuye, ubwoya bw'ibirahure, polyurethane, nibindi bishyirwa hagati y'amatafari abiri kugira ngo bigere ku ngaruka zo gukumira inkongi, gufunga no gukingira amajwi.
IGENZURA RY'IBICURUZWA
Gukingira ingese no gukingira inkongi ni ingamba z'ingenzi zo kurindaAgasanduku k'inyubako y'icyumaimishinga, kandi igira uruhare runini mu gukumira ingese, inkongi z'umuriro n'izindi mpanuka. Gupima ingese zirinda ingese n'izidatwika birimo ahanini ibintu bibiri bikurikira:
1. Igenzura ry’uburinzi bw’igipfundikizo: Genzura ahanini ubunini, ingano, gufatana n’ibindi bimenyetso by’igipfundikizo cy’igipfundikizo cy’igipfundikizo cy’igipfundikizo kugira ngo urebe ubwiza n’ingaruka z’uburinzi bw’igipfundikizo cy’igipfundikizo cy’igipfundikizo cy’igipfundikizo.
2. Igenzura ry'imyambaro igabanya inkongi: Genzura ahanini ubugari, ingano, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda inkongi n'ibindi bimenyetso by'imyambaro igabanya inkongi kugira ngo urebe ubwiza n'ingaruka zo kurinda imashini igabanya inkongi.
Muri make, igenzura ry’imiterere y’ibyuma ni uburyo bw’ingenzi bwo kwemeza umutekano n’uburambe bw’imishinga y’ibyuma, kandi ni ingenzi cyane mu kugenzura umutekano w’ubuzima bw’abantu n’umutungo wabo.
UMUSHINGA
Ibyacuikigo gishinzwe imiterere y'ibyumaakenshi kohereza mu mahangaimiterere y'icyumaibicuruzwa bijyanwa muri Amerika no mu bihugu byo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba. Twitabiriye umwe mu mishinga yo muri Amerika ifite ubuso bungana na metero kare 543.000 n'ikoreshwa rya toni zigera ku 20.000 z'ibyuma. Nyuma y'uko umushinga urangiye, uzaba inyubako y'icyuma ihuza umusaruro, aho gutura, ibiro, uburezi n'ubukerarugendo.
UBUSABIZI
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiterere y'icyumaubusanzwe igizwe n'ibi bikurikira:
Umuringoti: igice gifata imizigo gihagaze, gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwimura imizigo yo hasi cyangwa ku gisenge ku nkingi.
Inkingi: Igice gihagaze gifata imizigo gishyigikira imizigo y'ibiti n'ibisenge kandi gitanga imizigo ku rufatiro.
Urufatiro: Imiterere rusange igizwe n'imigozi n'inkingi, ari na byo bice by'ingenzi by'icyuma bitwara imizigo.
Igisenge n'urukuta: Ibintu bitwikira inkingi kandi bigatera uruhu rw'inyuma rw'inyubako.
Ibihuza: ibice bikoreshwa mu guhuza imirimbo, inkingi n'amafuremu. Uburyo busanzwe bwo guhuza burimo gusudira, bolti na rivets.
Urufatiro: Urufatiro rukoreshwa mu gushyigikira icyuma cyose, ubusanzwe urufatiro rwa beto.
GUPIKA NO KOHEREZA
Ku bicuruzwa binini, nk'ibice binini by'icyuma n'ibinyabiziga by'icyuma, gusenya nabyo birakenewe. Nyuma yo gusenya, ibicuruzwa bigomba gusenya no gupakirwa neza hakurikijwe ingano, uburemere, ibikoresho n'ibindi biranga ibicuruzwa.
1. Ibinyabiziga by'icyuma: Niba ari ikinyabiziga cy'icyuma, amapine n'imitambiko bigomba gukurwaho, kandi amapine agomba gukurwaho. Mbere yuko ibinyabiziga by'icyuma bisenywa, bigomba gusukurwa, bigasigwa ingese kandi bigasigwa amavuta kugira ngo bitangirika.
2. Ibice binini by'icyuma: Ibice by'icyuma bigomba gusenywa hakurikijwe uburyo runaka. Ubwa mbere, imigozi, imbuto n'ibindi bice bihuza ibice by'icyuma bigomba gukurwaho bikabikwa mu byiciro. Hanyuma ibice by'icyuma birakurwaho bigashyirwa ku mapaki cyangwa ku mapaki akomeye.
3. Ibikoresho byo gupakira: Ibicuruzwa byasenyutse bigomba gupakirwa, kandi kongera imbaraga ibikoresho byo gupakira bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kohereza. Upfuke ibice by'igice byagaragaye hanyuma ubikeke ukoresheje firime cyangwa siponji. Niba hari ibice byinshi byakuweho, hagomba gukorwa inyandiko zirambuye kugira ngo byoroshye guteranya.
IMBARAGA Z'IKORESHA
Yakorewe mu Bushinwa, serivisi nziza, ifite ireme rigezweho, izwi ku isi hose
1. Ingaruka ku gipimo: Isosiyete yacu ifite urunigi runini rw'ibikoresho n'uruganda runini rw'ibyuma, rugera ku ngaruka ku gipimo mu gutwara no gutanga amasoko, kandi rukaba isosiyete y'ibyuma ihuza umusaruro na serivisi.
2. Ubudasa bw'ibicuruzwa: Ubudasa bw'ibicuruzwa, icyuma icyo ari cyo cyose wifuza gishobora kugurwa muri twe, ahanini gikoreshwa mu byuma, imiyoboro y'ibyuma, imigozi y'icyuma, uduce duto twa photovoltaic, icyuma cy'imiyoboro, imiyoboro ya silikoni n'ibindi bicuruzwa, bituma byoroha Hitamo ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa wifuza kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye.
3. Itangwa ry’ibikoresho rihamye: Kugira umurongo uhamye w’ibicuruzwa n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa bishobora gutanga serivisi yizewe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku baguzi bakeneye ibyuma byinshi.
4. Ingufu z'ikirango: Gifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kirango n'isoko rinini
5. Serivisi: Isosiyete nini y'ibyuma ihuza ibikorwa byo guhindura ibintu, gutwara abantu n'ibintu
6. Ihangana ry'ibiciro: igiciro gikwiye
*Ohereza imeri kuri[email protected]kugira ngo ubone igiciro cy'imishinga yawe
GUSURA ABAKIRIYA











