Umucuruzi w'Ubushinwa atanga igabanyirizwa ry'ibiciro kuri AllGB Standard Rail Models
Iterambere ryaGari ya moshi isanzwe ya GB y'icyumabishobora gukurikirwa no mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19. Mbere yo gukoresha ibyuma, gari ya moshi zubatswega hakoreshejwe imiyoboro y'icyuma gishongeshejwe. Ariko, iyi miyoboro yakundaga kwangirika no kuvunika bitewe n'imitwaro iremereye, bigatuma imikorere n'umutekano by'ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi bigabanuka.
UKO IBICURUZWA BIGENDA
Impinduka kuva ku cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma kivanze n'icyuma ...gari ya moshibyabayeho buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi ishize. Hagati mu kinyejana cya 19, injeniyeri zatangiye kugerageza imigozi y'icyuma ikozwe mu cyuma, yari iramba kandi idakomeye cyane ugereranyije n'imigozi y'icyuma ikozwe mu cyuma. Ariko, icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma cyari gifite imbogamizi zacyo mu bijyanye n'imbaraga no kuramba.
Mu myaka ya 1860, inzira ya Bessemer yatangijwe, yatumye habaho gukora ibyuma byiza cyane. Iyi nzira yasabaga guhumeka umwuka mu cyuma gishongeshejwe kugira ngo bikureho imyanda kandi bikore ibyuma bikomeye kandi bikomeye.
Gutangiza imiyoboro y'ibyuma byahinduye ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma yashoboye kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye n'umuvuduko mwinshi, bituma imikorere myiza n'ubushobozi byiyongera muri sisitemu za gari ya moshi. Bitewe no kuramba kwa miyoboro y'ibyuma, ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga n'igihe cyo kuyihagarika byaragabanutse cyane, bituma habaho ibikorwa byizewe kandi bihoraho bya gari ya moshi.
Kuva aho imiyoboro y'ibyuma itangiriye gukoreshwa, hakomeje kubaho iterambere mu buhanga bwo gukora ibyuma no gushushanya imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi. Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ifite imiterere yihariye, nko kudasaza cyane no kudasaza, yakozwe kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe mu gutwara abantu muri gari ya moshi igezweho.
Muri iki gihe, imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikomeje kuba amahitamo y'ingenzi mu kubaka gari ya moshi bitewe n'imbaraga zayo, kuramba kwayo, no kugabanya ikiguzi. Ikomeje kuvugururwa kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyifuzo bikomeje kwiyongera by'inganda zitwara abagenzi.
INGANO Y'IGICURUZWA
| Izina ry'igicuruzwa: | Gari ya moshi isanzwe ya GB y'icyuma | |||
| Ubwoko: | Gari ya moshi nini, Gari ya moshi ya Crane, Gari ya moshi yoroheje | |||
| Ibikoresho/Ibisobanuro: | ||||
| Gari ya moshi yoroheje: | Icyitegererezo/Ibikoresho: | Q235, 55Q ； | Ibisobanuro: | 30kg/m³, 24kg/m³, 22kg/m³, 18kg/m³, 15kg/m³, 12 kg/m³, 8 kg/m³. |
| Gari ya moshi iremereye: | Icyitegererezo/Ibikoresho: | 45MN, 71MN； | Ibisobanuro: | 50kg/m², 43kg/m², 38kg/m², 33kg/m². |
| Gari ya moshi ya Crane: | Icyitegererezo/Ibikoresho: | U71MN ； | Ibisobanuro: | QU70 kg /m ，QU80 kg /m ，QU100kg /m ，QU120 kg /m. |
Gari ya moshi isanzwe ya GB y'icyuma::
Ibisobanuro: GB6kg, 8kg, GB9kg, GB12, GB15kg, 18kg, GB22kg, 24kg, GB30, P38kg, P43kg, P50kg, P60kg, QU70, QU80, QU100, QU120
Igisanzwe: GB11264-89 GB2585-2007 YB/T5055-93
Ibikoresho: U71Mn/50Mn
Uburebure: 6m-12m 12.5m-25m
| Ibicuruzwa | Icyiciro | Ingano y'Igice (mm) | ||||
| Uburebure bwa gari ya moshi | Ubugari bw'ibanze | Ubugari bw'umutwe | Ubunini | Uburemere (kgs) | ||
| Gari ya moshi yoroheje | 8KG/M | 65.00 | 54.00 | 25.00 | 7.00 | 8.42 |
| 12KG/M | 69.85 | 69.85 | 38.10 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15KG/M | 79.37 | 79.37 | 42.86 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18KG/M | 90.00 | 80.00 | 40.00 | 10.00 | 18.06 | |
| 22KG/M | 93.66 | 93.66 | 50.80 | 10.72 | 22.3 | |
| 24KG/M | 107.95 | 92.00 | 51.00 | 10.90 | 24.46 | |
| 30KG/M | 107.95 | 107.95 | 60.33 | 12.30 | 30.10 | |
| Gari ya moshi nini | 38KG/M | 134.00 | 114.00 | 68.00 | 13.00 | 38.733 |
| 43KG/M | 140.00 | 114.00 | 70.00 | 14.50 | 44.653 | |
| 50KG/M | 152.00 | 132.00 | 70.00 | 15.50 | 51.514 | |
| 60KG/M | 176.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| 75KG/M | 192.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| UIC54 | 159.00 | 140.00 | 70.00 | 16.00 | 54.43 | |
| UIC60 | 172.00 | 150.00 | 74.30 | 16.50 | 60.21 | |
| Gari yo guterura | QU70 | 120.00 | 120.00 | 70.00 | 28.00 | 52.80 |
| QU80 | 130.00 | 130.00 | 80.00 | 32.00 | 63.69 | |
| QU100 | 150.00 | 150.00 | 100.00 | 38.00 | 88.96 | |
| QU120 | 170.00 | 170.00 | 120.00 | 44.00 | 118.1 | |
INYUNGU
Ubwoko n'imbaraga byainzira ya gari ya moshiBigaragazwa n'uburemere bwa hafi (kilo) kuri metero imwe y'uburebure. Urugero, ubwoko bwa gari ya moshi busanzweho ubu mu Bushinwa ni 43kg/m, 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m, nibindi. Uburebure busanzwe bwa gari ya moshi mu Bushinwa: 43kg/m ni 12.5m cyangwa 25m; uburebure bwa gari ya moshi buri hejuru ya 50kg/m ni 25m, 50m, na 100m. Jya mu ruganda rukora ubudozi bwa gari ya moshi kugira ngo uyisudishe mu nzira y'uburebure bwa metero 500, hanyuma uyijyane aho wubakwa hanyuma uyisudishe mu burebure busabwa.
Ibipimo bya gari ya moshi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibisabwa byihariye bya gari ya moshi n'igihugu. Ariko, bimwe mu bipimo bisanzwe birimo:
Uburemere bwa gari ya moshi: Uburemere bwa gari ya moshi bukunze kugaragazwa mu biro kuri yadi (lbs/yd) cyangwa ibiro kuri metero (kg/m2). Uburemere bwa gari ya moshi bugena ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo n'uburambe bwa gari ya moshi.
Igice cya gari ya moshi: Imiterere y'umuhanda wa gari ya moshi, izwi kandi ku izina rya gari ya moshi, ishobora gutandukana. Bimwe mu bice bisanzwe bya gari ya moshi birimo igice cya I (kizwi kandi ku izina rya "I-beam"), igice cya UIC60, n'igice cya ASCE 136.
Uburebure: Uburebure bwa gari ya moshi bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburyo runaka bwa gari ya moshi, ariko uburebure busanzwe busanzwe buri hagati ya metero 20-30.
Ibisanzwe: Uturere cyangwa ibihugu bitandukanye bishobora kugira ibipimo byihariye ku mihanda ya gari ya moshi. Urugero, muri Amerika ya Ruguru, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika bashinzwe imihanda ya gari ya moshi (AAR) rishyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho ku mihanda ya gari ya moshi.
Ingano y'icyuma: Ingano yihariye y'icyuma gikoreshwa mu nzira za gari ya moshi ishobora gutandukana. Ingano y'icyuma gikoreshwa cyane irimo icyuma cya karuboni (nka A36 cyangwa A709), icyuma cya alloy (nka AISI 4340 cyangwa ASTM A320), n'ibyuma bishyushye (nka ASTM A759).
Ubudahangarwa: Inzira za gari ya moshi zihora zangirika bitewe n'ibiziga bya gari ya moshi. Kubwibyo, kudahangarwa ni ingenzi ku birahuri. Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gusiga cyangwa gukoresha ku buso bwa gari ya moshi kugira ngo wongere ubudahangarwa.
Ubushuhe: Impande za gari ya moshi akenshi zisaba gusudira kugira ngo zihuze ibice bya gari ya moshi. Kubwibyo, ibipimo bya gari ya moshi bishobora kuba birimo ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusudira kugira ngo harebwe ko ubushuhe bukomeye kandi buramba.
Icyitonderwa: Ni ngombwa kureba amabwiriza yihariye ya gari ya moshi akoreshwa mu karere cyangwa mu gihugu cyawe kugira ngo ubone ibisobanuro birambuye kandi byuzuye.
UMUSHINGA
Isosiyete yacu'sIbipimo by'icyuma cya gari ya moshiToni 13.800 z'ibyuma byoherejwe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byoherejwe icyarimwe ku cyambu cya Tianjin. Umushinga w'ubwubatsi warangiye, gari ya moshi ya nyuma ishyirwa ku murongo wa gari ya moshi. Izi gari ya moshi zose zikomoka ku murongo w'ibikorwa rusange by'uruganda rwacu rwa gari ya moshi n'ibyuma, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa tekiniki bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi buhamye.
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bicuruzwa bya gari ya moshi, twandikire!
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utanga gari ya moshi mu Bushinwa, gari ya moshi y'icyuma yo mu Bushinwa, gari ya moshi ya GB Standard Steel
UBUSABIZI
UmucyoGari ya moshiikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushyira imirongo y'ubwikorezi bw'agateganyo n'imirongo yoroheje ya gari ya moshi mu turere tw'amashyamba, ahantu hacukurwa amabuye y'agaciro, inganda n'ahazubakwa. Ibikoresho: 55Q/Q235B, igipimo ngenderwaho: GB11264-89.
1. Urwego rwo gutwara abantu muri gari ya moshi
Inzira za gari ya moshi ni ingenzi kandi ni ingenzi mu kubaka no gukoresha gari ya moshi. Mu gutwara abantu muri gari ya moshi, inzira z'ibyuma zishinzwe gushyigikira no gutwara uburemere bwose bwa gari ya moshi, kandi ubwiza bwazo n'imikorere yazo bigira ingaruka ku mutekano no ku ituze rya gari ya moshi. Kubwibyo, inzira zigomba kuba zifite imiterere myiza y'umubiri n'imiti nko gukomera cyane, kudasaza, no kudahura n'ingese. Kuri ubu, uburyo bwo gukoresha gari ya moshi bukoreshwa n'imihanda myinshi ya gari ya moshi yo mu gihugu ni GB/T 699-1999 "High Carbon Structural Steel".
2. Urwego rw'ubwubatsi
Uretse urwego rwa gari ya moshi, imiyoboro y'ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi, nko mu bwubatsi bwa cranes, cranes z'iminara, ibiraro n'imishinga yo munsi y'ubutaka. Muri iyi mishinga, ibyuma bikoreshwa nk'inkingi n'ibikoresho byo gushyigikira no gutwara uburemere. Ubwiza bwabyo n'ihame ryabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano no ku ituze ry'umushinga wose w'ubwubatsi.
3. Ikibuga cy'imashini ziremereye
Mu rwego rwo gukora imashini ziremereye, imiyoboro y'amazi nayo ni igice gisanzwe, gikoreshwa cyane cyane ku nzira z'indege zigizwe n'imiyoboro y'amazi. Urugero, aho bakorera ibyuma mu nganda z'ibyuma, aho bakorera imodoka, n'ibindi, byose bigomba gukoresha inzira z'indege zigizwe n'imiyoboro y'amazi kugira ngo zishyigikire kandi zitware imashini ziremereye n'ibikoresho bipima toni mirongo cyangwa zirenga.
Muri make, ikoreshwa ryagutse ry’ibyuma mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu, mu bwubatsi, mu mashini ziremereye n’ahandi byagize uruhare runini mu iterambere n’iterambere ry’izo nganda. Muri iki gihe, hamwe n’udushya n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rihoraho, inzira zihora zivugururwa kandi zivugururwa kugira ngo zihuzwe no kunozwa no gukomeza guharanira imikorere n’ubuziranenge mu nzego zitandukanye.
GUPIKA NO KOHEREZA
Kunoza imiterere y'umutwe wa GB Standard Steel Rail nabyo ni bumwe mu buryo bwo kunoza ubukana no kudashira.
Mu gice cy'umutwe w'umuhanda wa mbere w'umuhanda, ubuso bw'umuhanda buba bworoshye, kandi imirongo ifite imirongo mito ikoreshwa ku mpande zombi. Kugeza mu myaka ya 1950 na 1960, byagaragaye ko uko umutwe w'umuhanda wakozwe mbere wari umeze kose, nyuma yo kwangirika kw'amapine ya gari ya moshi, imiterere y'umuhanda hejuru y'umuhanda yari hafi ya yose izengurutse, kandi umurambararo w'umuhanda ku mpande zombi wari munini. Igerageza ryagaragaje ko gushwanyagurika k'umutwe w'umuhanda bifitanye isano n'imbaraga nyinshi z'umugozi ku gice cy'imbere cy'umutwe w'umuhanda. Kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika kw'imirongo, ibihugu byose byahinduye imiterere y'umutwe w'umuhanda kugira ngo bigabanye kwangirika kwa pulasitiki.
Ubwa mbere, ibihugu byakurikije ihame nk'iryo mu gushushanya umutwe wa GB Standard Steel Rail: umurongo ugororotse uhuye n'ingano y'umukandara w'ibiziga uko bishoboka kose, ni ukuvuga ingano y'umukandara w'ibiziga, nka rail ya 59.9kg/m muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, umutwe wa rail washyizweho R254-R31.75-R9.52; umurongo wa rail wa 65kg/m wo mu cyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, umutwe wa rail washyizweho R300-R80-R15; umurongo wa rail wa UIC wa 60kg/m, umutwe wa rail washyizweho R300-R80-R13. Bigaragara ko ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gishushanyo cy'umutwe wa rail wa none ari ugukoresha imiyoboro ikomeye na radii eshatu. Ku ruhande rw'umutwe wa rail, umurongo ugororotse ufite hejuru nto n'ubugari bw'ubugari urashyizweho, kandi uburebure bw'umurongo ugororotse muri rusange ni 1:20~1:40. Umurongo ugororotse ufite agace kanini ukunze gukoreshwa ku ruhu rwo hasi rw'umutwe w'inzira, kandi ubusanzwe agace kari hagati ya 1:3 na 1:4.
Icya kabiri, mu gace k’impinduka hagati ya GB Standard Steel Railhead n’urukenyerero rw’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi, kugira ngo bigabanye icyuho giterwa no guhangayika no kongera imbaraga hagati y’icyuma gifata icyuma n’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi, hakoreshwa kandi imiterere y’urukiramende mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi n’urukenyerero rw’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi, kandi igishushanyo mbonera kinini cy’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi gikoreshwa mu rukenyerero. Urugero, umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi wa UIC wa 60kg/m ukoresha R7-R35-R120 mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi n’urukenyerero. Umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi wa 60kg/m w’Abayapani ukoresha R19-R19-R500 mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’umutwe w’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi n’urukenyerero.
Icya gatatu, mu gace k’impinduka hagati y’urukenyerero rw’inzira n’igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi, kugira ngo igice kigende neza, hakoreshwa igishushanyo mbonera cy’inzira kitoroshye, kandi impinduka igenda buhoro buhoro ihuzwa neza n’ubuhaname bw’igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi. Nk’umurongo wa UIC60kg/m, ni ugukoresha R120-R35-R7. Umuhanda wa gari ya moshi w’Ubuyapani wa 60kg/m ukoresha R500-R19. Umuhanda wa gari ya moshi w’Ubushinwa wa 60kg/m ukoresha R400-R20.
Icya kane, hasi h'igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi ni ndende, ku buryo igice gihagaze neza. Impande z'igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi zose ziri ku mfuruka y'iburyo, hanyuma zizengurutswe n'umurambararo muto, ubusanzwe R4 ~ R2. Uruhande rw'imbere rw'igice cyo hasi cya gari ya moshi ubusanzwe rugizwe n'imirongo ibiri y'imirongo igororotse, imwe muri yo ifata uburebure bubiri, indi ifata uburebure bumwe. Urugero, uburebure bwa gari ya moshi bwa UIC60kg / m bufata uburebure bubiri bwa 1:275 + 1:14. uburebure bwa gari ya moshi bwa 60kg / m mu Buyapani bufata uburebure bubiri bwa 1:4. uburebure bwa gari ya moshi bwa 60kg / m mu Bushinwa bufata uburebure bubiri bwa 1:3 + 1:9.
UBWUBATSI BW'IBICURUZWA
Yakorewe mu Bushinwa, serivisi nziza, ifite ireme rigezweho, izwi ku isi hose
1. Ingaruka ku gipimo: Isosiyete yacu ifite urunigi runini rw'ibikoresho n'uruganda runini rw'ibyuma, rugera ku ngaruka ku gipimo mu gutwara no gutanga amasoko, kandi rukaba isosiyete y'ibyuma ihuza umusaruro na serivisi.
2. Ubudasa bw'ibicuruzwa: Ubudasa bw'ibicuruzwa, icyuma icyo ari cyo cyose wifuza gishobora kugurwa muri twe, ahanini gikoreshwa mu byuma, imiyoboro y'ibyuma, imigozi y'icyuma, uduce duto twa photovoltaic, icyuma cy'imiyoboro, imiyoboro ya silikoni n'ibindi bicuruzwa, bituma byoroha Hitamo ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa wifuza kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye.
3. Itangwa ry’ibikoresho rihamye: Kugira umurongo uhamye w’ibicuruzwa n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa bishobora gutanga serivisi yizewe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku baguzi bakeneye ibyuma byinshi.
4. Ingufu z'ikirango: Gifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kirango n'isoko rinini
5. Serivisi: Isosiyete nini y'ibyuma ihuza ibikorwa byo guhindura ibintu, gutwara abantu n'ibintu
6. Ihangana ry'ibiciro: igiciro gikwiye
*Ohereza imeri kuri[email protected]kugira ngo ubone igiciro cy'imishinga yawe
GUSURA ABAKIRIYA
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
1. Nabona gute ibiciro bivuye kuri wewe?
Urashobora kudusigira ubutumwa, kandi tuzasubiza buri butumwa ku gihe.
2. Ese uzageza ibicuruzwa ku gihe?
Yego, twizeza gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza cyane no kubigeza ku gihe. Ubunyangamugayo ni yo ngingo nyamukuru y'ikigo cyacu.
3.Ese nshobora kubona ingero mbere yo gutumiza?
Yego, birumvikana. Ubusanzwe ingero zacu ni ubuntu, dushobora kuzikora dukoresheje ingero zawe cyangwa ibishushanyo bya tekiniki.
4. Ni ibihe biteganyijwe mu kwishyura?
Igihe cyo kwishyura gisanzwe ni 30% by'amafaranga yatanzwe, kandi asigaye kuri B/L. EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF.
5.Ese wemera isuzuma ry’umuntu wa gatatu?
Yego rwose turabyemera.
6. Ni gute twizera ikigo cyawe?
Dufite umwihariko mu bucuruzi bw'ibyuma imyaka myinshi nk'umucuruzi w'izahabu, icyicaro gikuru giherereye mu ntara ya Tianjin, turakwemera gukora iperereza mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, mu buryo bwose.
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